Abstract:In order to understand the main volatile components of Dendrobium flowers at full bloom stage, the volatile components from flowers of D. thyrsiflorum, D. tortile, D. chrysotoxum and D. densiflorum were determined by solid phase microextraction (SPME) and gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The results showed that there were 70 volatile components identified in 4 Dendrobium flowers, including 8 types of esters, alcohols, phenols, ketones, alkanes, alkenes, aldehydes and others, among which alkenes was the main volatile component with the highest content. The main aromatic constituent was caryophyllene in D. thyrsiflorum and D. densiflorum with relative contents of 0.46 and 6.91 μg/(g·h), respectively, and acetic acid [6.11 μg/(g·h)] in D. tortile; and β-ocimene [5.23 μg/(g·h)] in D. chrysotoxum. Thus, it was helpful to evaluate and screen valuable germplasm resources of Dendrobium, and provide reference for the cultivation of aromatic Dendrobium species and the development and utilization of orchid essential oil.