Abstract:To explore the ecological adaptation of selfing plant Caulokaempferia coenobialis to the special habitat, hanging on rock walls, the reproductive allocation in different phenological stages and different habitats was studied. The results showed that in the process of reproductive growth, the biomass allocation for vegetative growth of C. coenobialis was overwhelmingly high, while the biomass allocation for reproduction was relatively small (less than 13%). Of all the modules, the biomass allocation of rhizomes and leaves accounted for the larger proportion (24.22%-43.25%). In population with weak light, the biomass allocation to leaves was significantly higher than that of population with strong light to obtain more resources, while the biomass allocation to rhizomes was significantly lower than that of population with strong light. With the phenological phase, the reproductive allocation of C. coenobialis increased and reached the maximum at the fruiting stage. There was no significant difference in biomass allocation to reproductive components among different populations and different years, suggesting that the reproduction allocation of C. coenobialis might be controlled by heredity factors. Individual size and rhizomes biomass significantly increased with linear function of isogony growth, while there was no significant correlation between plant size and reproductive allocation in YTH population, and they followed the low of isogony growth in SP and TTD populations, but the coefficient of determination was less than 40%. Therefore, Caulokaempferia coenobialis could effectively adjust its biomass allocation in different habitats to adapt to the special habitat of rock wall epiphytes, and increase the biomass allocation of leaves and reduce the biomass allocation of rhizomes to improve resource acquisition ability in populations with weak light. As a whole, the biomass invested in vegetative components accounted for more than 87%, and that in reproductive components remained stable between populations and years. In this reproductive strategy, on the one hand, higher investment in vegetative components can obtain more resources; on the other hand, stable investment in reproductive component can benefit generation of the population. The coordination between each module can better adapt to the resource-poor habitat of rock walls.