Abstract:The aim was to clarify the chemical constituents of Salvia cavaleriei. Sixteen compounds were isolated from the 95% ethanol extract by using chromatographic separation techniques, such as silica gel, LH-20, MCI, and HPLC methods. On the basis of spectral data, their structures were identified as β-sesquiphellandrene (1), 6R-(7R,11-dimethyl-10-ethenylene)-cyclohexenone (2), β-bisabolene (3), α-curcumene (4), 3,4-dihydroxy- phenylacetic acid methyl ester (5), vanillin (6), zingerone (7), 6-shogaol (8), octadecyl ferulate (9), vitamin E quinone (10), 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furaldehyde (11), thioacetic anhydride (12), 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic indazole (13), hexadecanoic acid (14), squalene (15), and hexacosane (16). Among them, compound 2 is a new natural compound. Moreover, all compounds were obtained from this plant species for the first time except for compounds 3, 4 and 6. Accordingly, compounds 2, 5, 9 and 12 were isolated for the first time from Labiatae, compounds 1 and 15 were obtained from Salvia genus for the first time.