Abstract:Fellhanera mastothallina (Vain.) Lücking & Sérus. was reported as a newly recorded species from China based on the foliicolous lichen specimens collected from Hainan Province. The characteristics of morphology, anatomy and chemistry were provided with microstructure photos. It was characterized by the crustose thallus with light green to orange-red verrucosa, brown apothecia, external exciple prosoplecten-chymatous and narrowly clavate ascospores tapering towards proximal end, (3–)7-septate, 26–36 µm×2–3 µm. The phylogenetic tree based on the mtSSU region showed that it had close relationship with the type species F. fuscatula (Müll. Arg.) Vězda. A key to known Chinese Fellhanera species was also provided.