Abstract:In order to understand the genetic diversity of Archidendron clypearia germplasms resources, the genetic diversity and relatedness of 146 individuals from 12 wild populations in Guangdong Province were studied by using SSR molecular marker technology. The results showed that a total of 249 alleles were detected by 21 pairs of SSR primers with an average alleles (Na) of 11.857, the effective number of alleles (Ne) of 3.500, as well as expected heterozygosity (He) of 0.718, and polymorphism information content (PIC) of 0.676. The Shannon diversity index (I=0.528) and effective number of alleles (Ne=0.716) of Boluo population were the highest among 12 populations, which is the most genetically diverse population. The coefficient of genetic differentiation among populations was 0.071, and the genetic variation of A. clypearia was mainly within populations (97%), and the genetic differentiation within populations was greater than that among populations. Meanwhile, the cluster analysis showed that the 12 populations could be divided into 6 types according to genetic coefficient of 0.16, which was similar to that of principal coordinate analysis. So, these would provide an important theoretical basis for the exploitation, utilization, and protection of A. clypearia germplasm resources, and genetic breeding of fine variety.