Abstract:In order to understand the chemical constituents of endophytic fungus Phyllosticta aristolochiicola from Dendrobium officinale, fifteen compounds were isolated. On the basis of spectral data, their structures were identified as N-methyl-2-pyrolidinone (1), cyclo-(glycine-L-proline) (2), cyclo-(D-alanine-L-proline) (3), cyclo-(L-valine-L-proline) (4), cyclo-(L-leucine-L-proline) (5), cyclo-(L-leucine-D-4-hydroxyprolinyl) (6), cyclo-(L-phenylalanine-L-proline) (7), cyclo-(L-4-hydroxyproline-L-phenylalanine) (8), cyclo-(L-tyrosine-L-proline) (9), cyclo-(L-phenylalanine-L-leucine) (10), beer sterol (11), p-hydroxyphenylethanol (12), p-hydroxyphenylacetic acid (13), (2S,3R)-1-(4-hydroxyphenyl)butane-2,3-diol (14), and (2R,3S)-1-phenylbutane-2,3-diol (15). The MTS assay showed that compounds 2, 10 and 14 had weak inhibitory activities against five human tumor cell lines, such as HL-60, A-549, SMMC-7721, MCF-7, and SW-480.