Abstract:In order to understand the structure changes of different Chinese yew (Taxus chinensis var. mairei) populations, the regeneration populations of Chinese yew, distributing in Shuangkeng Village in Xianyu Mountain of Anhui Province, Tongkeng Village in Tianmu Mountain of Zhejiang Province and Ecological Garden of Yew, Fujian Meihua Mountain National Nature Reserve, respectively, were studied from October to December in 2007, 2008 and 2012. The results showed that there were 1214 individuals Chinese yew in Xianyu Mountain in 2007, the number of seedlings accounting for 80%. Chinese yew distributed in Tianmu Mountain and Meihua Mountain had 510 and 174 individuals, the number of seedlings accounting for 39.61% and 70.11%, the number of tree height more than 9 m for 22.16% and 20.11%, respectively. All of the three natural regeneration populations showed slowly increasing and the survival curves were Deevey-Ⅲ type with clumped spatial pattern, and the mortality at growth stage from seedlings to saplings was high. It was suggested that the protect priority to rare and endangered T. chinensis var. mairei should be placed in stages from seedlings and saplings.