Abstract:The distribution of the Chinese endemic species Sagittaria lichuanensis (Alismataceae) has been reported in Guangdong, Fujian, Jiangxi, and Hubei Provinces. In a recent field investigation, a new population was found in Pingba County of Guizhou Province. The morphological and population characters of the new population were described, and the habitat and the distribution patterns of this population were compared with the other populations recorded previously. The new distribution of S. lichuanensis in Guizhou provided a good example for studying its geographic distribution pattern and the evolutionary history, and the special reproductive strategies at different distribution environments.