Abstract:The chromosome number and karyotype of Calanthe triplicata was studied by applying fingertip pressing method. The results showed that the number of the somatic chromosome of Calanthe triplicata was 2n=38, and as diploid, its karyotype formula was 2n=2x=38=28m+8sm+2st. The diploid mainly consists of metacentric and submetacentric chromosomes. The karyotype belongs to 2B type.