Abstract:According to the inquisition for the fem in Chongqing near 10 years, including abundance field inquisition, specimen collection and authenticating, refering for literature and specimen, there are 604 species wild fern belonging to 120 genera and 47 families. The varient and subspecies obvious offamiliy and genera, for Athyriaceae, Thelypteridaceae, Dryopteridaceae and Polypodiaceae have 49 genera and 337 species and occupy 40.83% and 55.79% of the families and the genera of the fern in Chongqing. Endemism is notable and the endemic species to China and Chongqing are 164 and 33;The fern has characteristic of antiquity, survivable and originality and has tropical property or close affinity with tropical flora.