Abstract:Chloroplast DNA trnL-F region was sequenced to investigate intraspecific phylogeography in Primula obconica Hance in China. Twenty haplotypes were recognized in total, and most of the haplotypes were geographically structured. There are three major clades in the most parsimonious trees obtained from those haplotypes. Eastern clade was widely distributed from Nanping, Fujian （eastern China） to Weixi, Yunnan （western China）. Sichuan clade was confined in western Sichuan, and Yunnan clade existed in north-western Yunnan. It was shown that the topology within Eastern clade was hierarchical slightly, and most of the haplotypes in Eastern clade mainly confined in Wuling Mountains and Nanling Mountains. The haplotypes in eastern clade might be correlated with the climate oscillation in the glacial period, which might migrate from western China to eastern China. In contrast, the haplotypes from Sichuan clade and Yunnan clade might survive in glacial period, suggesting there were several glacial refuges in western China. Taxonomical relationships among subspecies ofP. obconica were also discussed.