Abstract:Rhizobium resources of legumes were investigated in 29 counties in Fujian Province. Two hundred and seventy-eight nodule samples belonging to 63 legume species in 36 genera were collected. Root nodules are diverse in morphology and light yellow or pink in colors, and the size of root nodules ranging from 1 to 10 mm in the general condition. Nitrogenase activities in nodules measured by acetylene reduction method were 1 to 24 μmol C2H4 g-1 fresh nodule h-1 for most nodule samples,the highest being 87.2929 μ mol C2H4 g-1 fresh nodule h-1 in species Podocarpium podocarpum var. oxyphyllum. There were 228 rhizobial strains isolated from nodule samples, 155 strains of which were reinoculated to the corresponding host legumes, and 138 strains were nodulated , the nodulation rate being 89.0%.