Abstract:Based on the study of specimens and type photographs of Buxaceae from China,Buxus cephalantha Levl. et Vant. is regarded as a new synonym of B. harlandii Hance.Four taxa, viz. B. microphylla Sieb. et Zucc. var. prostrata W. W. Smith, B. sinica (Rehd. etWils.) Cheng ex M. Cheng var. vacciniifolia M. Cheng, B. sinica (Rehd. et Wils.) Cheng exM. Cheng var. pumila M. Cheng and B. rugulosa Hatusima var. prostrata (W. W. Smith)M. Cheng, are regarded as new synonyms of B. rugulosa Hatusima, while B. cephalantha Levl. et Vant. var. shantouensis M. cheng and Sarcococca orientalis C. Y. Wu ex M. Cheng are new synonyms of B. stenophylla Hance and S. longipetiolata M. Cheng., respectively. Buxus myrica Levl. is a new record to Hubei ,Jiangxi and Fujian , B. rugulosa Hatusima a new record to Guangxi and Fujian, and Sarcococca hookeriana Baill. var. digyna Franch. a new record to Guizhou and Guangxi.