Abstract:The rapid propagation and germplasm conservation in vitro of Artemisia annua L. were studied using stem with axillary buds as explants cultured on Murashoga and Skoog (MS) basal medium. The buds could be induced successfully on MS medium supplemented with of 1.0 mg L-1 6-BA and 0.1 mg L-1 IBA. The suitable medium for bud multiplication was MS medium supplemented with 0.5 mg L-1 6-BA and 0.1 mg L-1 IBA. The buds coulde be proliferated by 5.5 times cultured for 20 days. The rooting medium was MS medium with 0.1 mg L-1 NAA and 0.5 mg L-1 IBA, accounting for 98.3% of rooting. The MS medium supplemented with CCC or PP333 were found to be suitable for germplasm conservation in vitro. After preserved on MS+ CCC 1.0 mg L-1, MS+CCC 2.0 mg L-1 and MS+ PP333 4.0 mg L-1 for 200 days, the survival rate of germplasm get to 72.3%, 77.0% and 69.2%, respectively, and the ability of propagating and rooting of the plantlets was not decreased. All these results indicated that the rapid propagation system of A. annua had been established by inducted axillary buds, and the germplasm could be conserved for a long time on MS medium supplement with CCC or PP333.