Abstract:Leptocybe invasa Fisher & La Salle is a serious disease for Eucalyptus. In order to understand physiological response of Eucalyptus to Leptocybe invasa damage, the damage degree and some inclusion contents in leaves of 24 Eucalyptus clones hazard by Leptocybe invasa were studied for continuous five months. According to the damage degree, all clones were divided into 3 types, such as high sensitive, middle resistance and high resistance. The results showed that the soluble protein and soluble sugar contents in leaves had no significant difference among three resistance types before the 24 Eucalyptus clones were damaged by Leptocybe invasa, while those in high sensitive and middle resistance clones leaves significantly increased after damaged. Contrasted to control, soluble protein and soluble sugar contents in high sensitive clones leaves significant increased with damage aggravation. The increment of inclusion contents in Eucalyptus clones leaves was in order as high sinsitive > middle resistant > high resistant. Therefore, it was suggested that the increment of inclusion contents in Eucalyptus clones leaves was an important physilogical response to damage of Leptocybe invasa.

Abstract:Soil phosphorous (P) availability is always thought to be a limiting factor for ecosystem primary productivity in the highly weathered tropical and subtropical areas, but our knowledge about soil P availability in tropical and subtropical forests is still poor, particularly in remnant native forests and frequently disturbed plantation forests in the urban and suburban areas. The soils at 0-3 cm and 3-23 cm mineral depths from 14 forest patches in Foshan region (seven native forest patches and seven plantation forest patches) were collected, and pH in water and concentrations of organic carbon (C), total nitrogen (N), total P, Bray-1 Pi and sequential extractable inorganic P fractions to estimate soil P availability were determined. The results showed that Fe-Pi and reductant soluble inorganic P were major inorganic P fractions at the study forest patches. Most of the selected soil nutrient measures did not differ significantly between forest types in both soil layers. The concentrations of Al-Pi, Bray 1-Pi and total Pi in the 0-3 cm mineral soil layer and Ca-Pi in the 3-23 cm mineral soil layer were significantly lower at the plantation forest patches than those at native forest patches. Concentrations of organic C, total N, total P and all P fractions were significantly higher in 0-3 cm mineral soil layer than those in the 3-23 cm mineral soil layer for both forest types. Correlation analysis indicated that soil organic matter concentration was significantly and positively correlated with soil concentrations of all inorganic P fractions except Ca-Pi. Fourteen selected forest patches could be divided into three groups according soil P availability by Cluster analysis. Generally, the plantation forest patches were lower in soil P availability compared to native forest patches. These could help us for understanding the soil nutrient status and strengthen nutrient management at remnant forest patches in the urban and suburban areas.

Abstract:The?growth and biomass??allocation of Polygonatum cyrtonema at different slope positions were studied under extensive managed and?structure consistent Phyllostachys edulis forest. The results showed that population density, leaf chlorophyll?values, biomass accumulation of leaves and roots, and biomass distribution pattern in leaves, roots and?tubers of P. cyrtonema had no significant differences among different?slope?positions in bamboo forest. The biomass distribution patterns of P. cyrtonema at different?slope?positions were order as?tuber biomass > root biomass > leaf biomass ≈ stem biomass, and tuber biomass was?more than 70% of total biomass, while biomass?allocated in roots, leaves, and stems were uniform.?There was obvious slope effect on population growth, biomass allocation of Polygonatum cyrtonema in bamboo forest. Under consistent of stand structure?and management in?bamboo forest, lower slope was considered to compound management with P. cyrtonema.

Abstract:In order to understand the differentiation and regeneration dynamic of Pinus taiwanensis community in Daiyun Mountain, the regeneration niche of main species in the community was studied by using improved models of regeneration niche width and niche overlap. The results showed that different species used different spatial resources, different species had different regeneration niche width, and regeneration niche overlaps among species were also different. Pinus taiwanensis was dominant in the community. Regeneration niche overlaps between Pinus taiwanensis and other species ranged from 0.1 to 0.39, which indicated that P. taiwanensis and other species shared common?resource utilization spectrum. The regeneration niche overlaps between P. taiwanensis and Eurya rubiginosa, Vaccinium carlesii were high, which these species had obvious competition and rejection effects, so that the seedlings and saplings of P. taiwanensis was difficult to generate. Therefore, it was suggested that survival of seedlings and saplings of P. taiwanensis should increase for making community stable by strengthening management and protection.

Abstract:In order to improve fruit storage quality, the effects of 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) and cold storage at 15℃ on physiology and quality of guava (Psidium guajava L. ‘Pearl’) were studied. The results showed that treatment with 1 μL L^-1 1-MCP inhibited fruit softening and delayed peel green loss. Treated with, the increase of total soluble solids (TSS) content and the decrease of vitamin C content of fruits were inhibited. In addition, after treated with 1-MCP, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and peroxidase (POD) activities in fruits increased, while polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activity decreased and the accumulation of malondialdehyde (MDA) delayed. Therefore, the storage quality of ‘Pearl’ guava could enhance treated with 1-MCP and cold storage.

Abstract:In order to understand the nutrition value of plum (Prunus salicina) fruits from Fujian, the contents and composition of amino acids were determined by amino acid analyzer. The results showed that there were 18 protein amino acids and 3 non-protein amino acids in plum fruits. Taurine and protein amino acid contents in ‘Tianhuang’ plum fruits were the highest, accounting for 26.54 mg (100 g)^-1 and 496.14 mg (100 g)^-1, respectively. The contents of ornithine, medicinal amino acid, sour amino acid in ‘American Plums Queen’ were the highest, accounting for 0.36 mg (100 g)^-1, 364.67 mg (100 g)^-1, and 298.28 mg (100 g)^-1, respectively. The proportion of protein amino acid with special efficiency in ‘American Plums Queen’ was the highest for 73.45%. The γ-aminobutyric acid content was the highest in ‘Early Rounge’ plum fruits for 7.98 mg (100 g)^-1. The branched chain amino acid content in ‘Big Rounge’ was the highest for 46.77 mg (100 g)^-1. Therefore, the plum fruits contain all the amino acids, and the contents of amino acids are different. So plum fruits have great value in use.

Abstract:The SCoT-PCR system for Carica papaya was optimized by using single factor experiment method, such as Mg²⁺, dNTPs, primer, Taq polymerase and DNA template, and the SCoT primers were selected with optimized system. The results showed that the optimum concentrations for Carica papaya SCoT-PCR amplification were 2.0 mmol L^-1 Mg²⁺, 0.3 mmol L^-1 dNTPs, 0.8 μmol L^-1 primer, 1.0 U Taq polymerase, and 30 mg L^-1 template DNA in total 20 μL reaction system, respectively. The optimum SCoT-PCR system was tested on 22 varieties of Carica papaya by different SCoT primers, obtaining steady, reliable and high resolution bands. Five primers and five pairs of primer combination were selected with abundant polymorphism. It was suggested that the optimum SCoT-PCR system and polymorphism primers could be used in the germplasm identification and genetic diversity analysis of Carica papaya.

Abstract:Ten compounds were isolated from the culture of Fusarium solani. On the basis of spectral data, they were identified as methylparaben (1), methyl salicylate (2), amyl salicylate (3), acetovanillone (4), androsin (5), 2-methoxy-4-vinylphenyl-β-D-glucopyranoside (6), 1-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(2S,3R,8E)-2-[(2R)-2-hydroxylpalmitoylamino]-8-octadecene-1,3-diol (7), 1-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(2S,3R,4E,8E)-2-[(2R)-2-hydroxyhexadecanoylaino]-8-octadecene-1,3-diol (8), cerebroside D (9), and cerebroside C (10). Compound 6 was reported as a natural product and all of these compounds were obtained from Fusarium solani for the first time.

Abstract:In order to understand the chemical constituents of Mangifera indica L., 13 compounds were isolated from 75% ethanol extract of mango leaves. On the basis of NMR and MS determination, they were identified as (-)-secoisolariciresinol-9′-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (1), 7S,8R-erythro-4,7,9-trihydroxy-3,3′-dimethoxy-8-O-4′-neolignan-9′-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (2), 7R,8R-threo-4,7,9-trihydroxy-3,3′-dimethoxy-8-O-4′-neolignan-9′-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (3), (7R/S,8R)-7,8-dihydro-9′-hydroxyl-3′-methoxyl-8-hydroxymethyl-7-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-1′-enzofuranpropanol 9′-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (4), citrusin D (5), syringin (6), 2,6-dimethoxy-4-hydroxyphenyl-1-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (7), protocatechuic acid (8), gallic acid (9), methyl gallate (10), ethyl gallate (11), 4,5-dihydroxy-3-methoxy benzoic acid (12), and daucosterol (13). Among them, Compounds 1-7 and 12 were obtained from Mangifera genus for the first time.

Abstract:Fourteen compounds were isolated from ethanol extract of Euonymus laxiflorus Champ. ex Benth. barks. On the basis of spectral data (NMR, MS, IR, etc.), they were identified as lupeol (1), friedelin (2), lupine ketone (3), 3-hydroxy-4-methoxy-benzaldehyde (4), scopoletin (5), (+)-pinoresinol (6), (-)-isoyatein (7), coniferylaldehyde (8), geniposidic acid (9), cholesterol (10), (8R,8′R,9R)-cubebin (11), (8R,8′R,9S)-cubebin (12), 3,5-dimethoxy-4-hydroxycinnamicaldehyde (13), hexacosanic acid (14). All of compouds were isolated from the plant of E. laxiflorus for the first time.

Abstract:Anoectochilus lylei Rolfe ex Downie is newly reported to Chinese flora. The detailed morphological descriptions and photoes are also provided. This species is characterized by the white “Y”-shaped lips, epichiles lobes linear-oblong, mesochile with 1-3 short irregular denticles and the spur with 2 peltate calli inside.

Abstract:Based on the field investigation and examining the type material, Berberis ziyunensis P. K. Hsiao & Z. Y. Li is reduced to the synonymy of B. uniflora F. N. Wei & Y. G. Wei.

Abstract:Based on observation of herbarium specimens, Dalbergia esquirolii H. Lévl. and D. ximengensis Y. Y. Qian are reduced to synonyms of D. yunnanensis Franch. and D. rimosa Roxb., respectively.

Abstract:The liverwort Saccogynidium muricellum (De Not.) Grolle (Geocalycaceae) is reported as a new record from mainland of China. It differs from the species Saccogynidium irregularospinum Gao, Cao & Lai by its short, single-celled dentate in the leaf apex, and also the shorter teeth of the underleaf apex. The species is illustrated and described based on the Guizhou material.

Abstract:Weissia muhlenbergiana (Pottiaceae) is reported as a newly recorded moss from China. The detail description of the species, photographs based on the specimen and SEM photographs of the spores are given. A brief comparison between W. muhlenbergiana and similar species are also presented.

Abstract:In order to understand the pollination characteristics of Melastoma sanguineum Sims, the florescence, floral character, visiting insects of M. sanguineum grown in three habitats were observed in Bawangling National Nature Reserve, and the indexes related to breeding system were determined. There is no nectar secreted throughout the whole florescence. The petals play the role in attracting insect visitors. Apoidea, Syrphidae, Tutelidae and etc. are the main flower-visiting insects, while carpenter bees and bumble bees are the main pollinators, and carpenter bees are the most effective pollinators. The flowers have heteromorphic stamens, of which the long and short stamens have clear functional differentiation in the pollination process, suggesting that it is the pollination strategy of M. sanguineum. Melastoma sanguineum is a self-compatible out-crossing species. The fruit setting rates are significantly high in both artificially out-crossed and self-pollinated flowers. There is no reproductive security phenomenon, such as apomixis, active self-pollination and lag self-crossed, and pollinators are necessary for M. sanguineum. Its breeding system is typical facultative inbred type. The habitats with low temperature difference between day and night, and high relative humidity, such as in forest and forest gap, are better for prolong blooming period of population, while development of flowers in forest edge with sufficient sunlight and high temperature is fast and stigma receptivity is early. So, the pollen, pollinators and environment condition are main factors effecting pollination of M. sanguineum in the field.

Abstract:In order to understand material and papermaking properties of Phyllostachys reticulata ‘Shouzhu’, P. edulis and Bambusa emeiensis L. C. Chia & H. L. Fung were collected as controls, culm form, volume biomass and fiber morphology of P. reticulata ‘Shouzhu’ were studied. The results showed that the internode length of ‘Shouzhu’ was long at first, and then short along culm height, and the diameter and culm wall thickness decreased with increment of culm height. The model for ‘Shouzhu’ volume was V=0.000939H+0.001861D^-0.01374, and W=1.297D+2.053H^-16.666 for biomass. The average length of ‘Shouzhu’ fibers was 2.47 mm, most ranges from 2 to 3 mm, and the ratio of fiber length to width was more than 100, and the ratio of cell wall to cavity was 3.85. Compared with P. edulis, the internode length of P. reticulata ‘Shouzhu’ culm was long, volume distribution in vertical direction was even, and fiber was long with big ratio of length to width. Compared to B. emeiensis, the fiber length of ‘Shouzhu’ had little difference, the ratio of length to width was small with big ratio of cell wall to cavity. These indicated that P. reticulata ‘Shouzhu’ could be used for sheet and papremaking materials, which papermaking properties of P. reticulata ‘Shouzhu’ was better than P. edulis but under B. emeiensis.

Abstract:In order to make full use of plant specimen data, statistics and analyses of vascular plant specimen data of South China Botanical Garden Herbarium (IBSC) were conducted by using database of plant specimen and information system. Until the time of our statistics, there are 696298 collections and 716469 herbarium specimens recorded, belonging to 48707 species, 5813 genera, and 354 families (include subspecies, varieties and forms), of which 2105 species, 253 genera, and 59 families are Pteridophyta, 557 species, 64 genera, and 11 families are Gymnosperms, and 46045 species, 5496 genera, 284 families are Angiosperms, all of them had been input into the database. The specimens were collected from 33 provinces, autonomous regions, municipalities and special administrative regions of China and 107 other countries and regions. Domestic specimens from Guangdong Province and foreign specimens from USA have the largest percentages representatively. There are 6351 type specimens belonging to 4373 species in 938 genera, 194 families. These data provide information for locating biological diversity hotspots, and for making plans for collection work in the future.

Abstract:The principles, operating procedures and update of progress of gene targeting in plants, as well as factors that affect efficiency of gene targeting were reviewed. In addition, some advices on improving targeting efficiency were introduced and the application prospects of gene targeting in botany research were respected.