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Abstract:Sporogenesis and the development of male and female gametophytes inAnoectochilus roxburghii are studied. The mature ovules are anatropous, bitegminous andtenuinucellatae. The development of the female gametophyte is of polygonum type. Matureembryo sac has 7 cells. In the development of mega- and microsporogenesis, calloseappears. The microspore tetrads are tetrahedral isobilateral, decussate, T-shaped and remainin massulae. At shedding stage the pollen grains are 2-celled. The anther wall consists offour-layers with secretory tapetum.

Abstract:The present paper deals with the morphology in leaf, flower, fruit, seed and woodof 5 species of Sonneratia Linn. f. in China, which involve S. ovata Backer, S. hainanensisKo, E. Y. Chen et W. Y. Chen, S. alba J. Smith, S. paracaseolaris Ko, E. Y. Chen et W. Y.Chen and S. caseolaris (L.) Eng1. It was shown that the morphological characters of the twonew species (S. hainanensis and S. paracaseolaris) are evidently different from that of othersspecies of Sonneratia. The relationship of these species are also discussed.

Abstract:The morphological characters such as size, shape, apertures, furrow, exinestratification, tectum pattern, etc. of pollen in seven species and one variety of the genusPueraria DC. (P. lobata, P. lobata var. Montana. P. thomsonii, P. alopecuroides, P. calycina,P. edulis, P. Peduncularis and P. phaseoloides) from China were studied under LM andSEM; two species and one variety of them were studied under TEM. The results are as follows.Under LM, the tricolporate of a single pollen grain is subspherical, spherical andwide elliptical in shape in equatorial view, and 3-lobed circular in polar view. The sizeof pollen grain is generally constant; the length of polar axis is 18-34μm, mostly25.5- 28.5μm.Under SEM, the oramantation of the pollen grain may be divided into three types: (Ⅰ)perforate type, the diameter of pollen grain is generally less then or nearly equal to that ofmurus, no or only a few granules are present in the lumina; (Ⅱ) fine reticulate type, the diameter of lumina is nearly equal to or slightly smaller than that of murus, and there aregranules in the lumina, (Ⅲ) coarse reticulate type, the diameter of most lumina is longerthan that of murus and with numerous granules in the lumina. The pore type are: (1) thepore with membrane or sometimes operculum; (2) pore membrane often appears as bridgecrossing the colpus.Under TEM, the pollen grain has complete exine with sexine (including tectum,columella, foot layer) and nexine. The sexine is thicker than nexine, the tectum is thick,the foot layer is extremely thin.The morphological characters are varied within subsection or between subsections. Vander Maesen put P. lobata complex (including P. lobata var. lobata, P. lobata var. montana,and P. lobata var. thomsonii), P. alopecuroides, P. calycina and P. edulis under the samesubsection. Chen Zhongyi considered the P. lobata var. thomsonii as a species.It is suggested that the evolutionary trend of the ornamantation of the pollen grain is fromsubpunctate type to fine reticulate, then to course reticulate type. It corresponds withFerguson's idea. According to the oramantation Pueraria lobata is a more primitive species,and P. lobata var. montana and P. alopecuroides are closely related to P. lobata; all of thembelong to perforate type. P. thomsonii and P. edulis belong to fine reteculate type, while P.calycina to coarse reteculate type and they seem to be more evolutionary species in thesubsection.P. peduncularis and P. phaseoloides have coarsely reticulate ornamantation; the aperturemembrane is generally indistinct and the equatorial colpus bridge is usually present. There aremuch differences from the subsection mentined above.

Abstract:Seeds of Toona sinensis (A. Juss.) Roem., Oroxylum indicum (L.) Vent., Quercushui Chun, Paulownia fortunei (Seem.) Hemsl., Diospyros morrisiana Hance and Berchemiadulcis Thunb. were collected from Guangdong and Guangxi. Seed germination and seedlinggrowth of these tree species were examined under different light and fertilizer conditions.The experiments showed that the germination percentage of seeds of T. sinensis (A. Juss.)Roem., Q. hui Chun and D. morrisiana Hance under light shade (55% of natural light) were74%, 90% and 30%, respectively, and O. indicum Vent. under deep shade (38% naturallight) was 80%. However, the highest germination percentage of B. dulcis Thunb. observedunder natural light condition was 15%. The seedlings of T. sinensis (A. Juss.) Roem., O.indicum Vent., P. fortunei (Seem.) Hemsl. and B. dulcis Thunb. grew fast, especially underlight condition, showing that they are fast-growing trees. The seedlings of Q. hui Chun andD. morrisiana Hance showed slow growth, and they grew better under lightshade. Thebiomass and rate of height in growth of all the seedlings increased markedly with the intreaseofapply in gurea.

Abstract:Measurements of environment of solar radiation energy components were madeon Heshan (Guangdong Province) hillslope ecosystem in lower-subtropics. The major resultsare as follows: 1. The amount of gross solar radiation reaching the canopy layer was4775.2MJ m-2a-1, in which the diffuse radiation was 1441.1M m-2a-1, and the direct radiationwas 3134.1 MJ m-2a-1. 2. The seasonal changes of solar radiation and the direct radiationwere double-peak curve. The monthly maximum value appeared in May and August, andthe...

Abstract:Nodulation of ten Cassia species from Guangdong province was surveyed. It wasshown that the nodules could appear only in Cassia mimosoides and C. rotundifolia. Tworhizobial strains were isolated each from C. mimosoides and C. rotundifolia and identifiedas slow-growing Rhizobium. Among ten Cassia species tested, the two rhizobial strains fromCassia failed to nodulate the other eight Cassia species, however, they are capable ofnodulating C. mimosoides and C. rotundifolia. Likewise, three rhizobial strains fromMimosaceae and three from Papilionaceae were unable to nodulate other eight Cassia speciesexcept C. mimosoides and C. rotundifolia. Moreover, the two rhizobial strains from Cassiawere able to nodulate four legumes of Mimosaceae and five legumes of Papilionaceae. Thetwo isolates from Cassia were similar to three isolates from Mimosaceae and three fromPapilonaceae in utilization of carbon sources, salt tolerance, PH tolerance and five enzymeactivities.

Abstract:Inactivation of mesophyll protoplasts from potato cultivars and its wild species was achieved by treatment with acridin orange(AO), under dark culture for 2 days and then exposure to light for 4h. The extent of this inactivation depent on the duration of AO treatment, the AO concentrations and the occasion for light treatment. The inactivation concentrations of tetroploid were higher than those of diploid. Immediate exposure to light after AO treatment showed strongest inactivation effect. Culture exposed to light after 8 days showed almost the same division pattern as control AO-treated in the dark. Small calli formed after fusion of protoplasts in rhodamine (P6G) inactivated potato (Solanum tuberosum) and AO-treated Solanum bulbocastanum.

Abstract:The paper reports the changes in endogenous hormones in buds of on-year and off-year trees of longan (Dimocarprs longana Lour. cv. Fuyan)during differentiation period. It was shown that isopentenyl adenine (iPA)content in flower buds of on-year tree was noticeably higher than that in vegetative buds of off-year tree, while the contents of GA and ABA were to the contrary. It indicated that iPA was advantagous, GA and ABA were unadvantagous to flower bud differentiation. The treatment of PP333 promotedthe flower bud differentiation, shortened the length of inflorescence and increased the yield of fruit.

Abstract:During germination of peanut seeds, exogenous abscisic acid(ABA) affected the endopeptidase and degradation of storage proteins. When dry peanut seeds were germinated directlywith 100μmol/L ABA, the endopeptidase activity and arachin degradation were severely inhibitedand the endopeptidase isoenzyme was not displayed on polyacryamide gel after electrophoresis.After peanut seeds were genminated 2 days in water, exogenous ABA (100μmol/L) only reducedendopeptidase activity, but did not affect endopeptidase isoenzyme, storage proteins andarachin degradation. The experiments in which peanut seeds were germinated in the presenceof ABA and Cycloheximide (protein synthesis inhibitor) and 5-fluorouracil (RNA synthesisinhibitor) showed that the role of ABA in inhibiting endopeptidase activity and arachindegradation was not dependent on the synthesis of nucleic acid and protein. The nucleicacid synthesis inhibitors (Actinomycin D, Cordycepin, 5-Fluorouracil) and proteinsynthesis inhibitor (Cycloheximide) depressed endopeptidase activity, but did not affect theendopeptidase isoenzyme and arachin degradation. The results showed that theendopeptidase which degradeted arachin in cotyledons during peanut seed germination wasnot de novo synthesized. We propose that the endopeptidase was synthesized during seeddevelopment and played an important role in degradation of arachins during germination.The regulation of endopeptidase activity and the model of storage protein degradation duringpeanut seed germination were discussed.

Abstract:The C18 unsaturated fatty acids in the seed oils of Euodia meliaefolia and E.fargesii were separated and identified by means of remote functional group modificationmethod and GC/MS. An usual linoleic acid, unusual 10-octadecenoic acid and a newconjugated acid as 9, 13, 15-octadecatrienoic acid were found. The composition of fattyacids in seed oils of E. meliaefolia and E. fargesii were palmitic 10.1%, 10.7%; stearic1.0%, 1.9%; palmitoleic 21.2%, 20.7%; 10-octadecenoic 28.5%, 31.7%; linoleic 24.2%,17.5% and 9, 13, 15-octadecatrienoic 15.0%, 14.9%, respectively.

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