Abstract:The historical development, main achievements and social contributions of the South China National Botanical Garden were retrospected in several key periods of the past nearly one hundred years. In addition, the reasons for the establishment of South China National Botanical Garden from the respective respect of country, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, and the local government were analyzed. Finally, we discussed the development prospects of the South China National Botanical Garden and put forward some suggestions for the future construction of China’s national botanical garden system.