Relationship Between Plant Diversity and Soil Factors of Typical Wetland Types in Guangfo Area

Abstract:

In order to understand the main factors of soil affecting wetland plant diversity, 18 sample plots were selected from 9 wetland types in Guangfo area. The wetland community species composition, plant diversity and soil factors were studied through field work and laboratory experiment. Furthermore, the correlations among community distribution, plant diversity and soil factors were analyzed by variance, canonical redundancy analysis (RDA) and canonical correspondence analysis (CCA). The results showed that there were 312 wetland species, belonging to 90 families and 198 genera, with Gramineae, Cyperaceae and Compositae as the dominant families. In addition, herbs are the most abundant in wetland plants, accounting for 79.17%. The principal component analysis showed that the level of soil nutrients in offshore and coastal wetlands was high. Moreover, the RDA analysis showed that soil factors with a great impact on plant diversity were soil organic matter, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, total potassium and alkali hydrolyzable nitrogen. From CCA, the main influencing factors of soil environmental factors on wetland herb community distribution are pH, available potassiumand available phosphorus. In conclusion, wetland ecosystem was more complex and fragile than terrestrial ecosystem, and the relationship between plant community and soil environmental factors was also more complex. The species distribution pattern, community diversity, community structure, soil conditions and their relationship of wetland vegetation are more obviously affected by the human disturbance.

Key words:Wetland plant;Plant diversity;Soil factor;Guangzhou and Foshan