Chemical Constituents from the Leaves of Averrhoa carambola

Abstract:

To clarify the chemical constituents in the leaves of Averrhoa carambola (Oxalidaceae), eleven compounds were isolated by means of organic solvent extraction and fractionation as well as diverse chromato-graphic separation techniques. On the basis of spectroscopic data, their structures were identified as phenyl β-d-glucoside (1), 3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl β-d-glucoside (2), benzyl β-d-glucoside (3), 2-phenethyl rutinoside (4), 1-O-(3,5-dimethoxy-4-hydroxybenzoyl)-β-d-glucose (5), 5-hydroxymaltol (6), maltol β-d-glucoside (7), maltol 3-O-[6-O-(3-hydroxy-3-methyl-5-butylglutaroyl)]-β-d-glucoside (8), ethyl β-d-fructofuranoside (9), butyl β-d-fructofuranoside (10), and squalene (11), respectively. Compound 8 was a new artifact, and the others excluding 2 and 3 were obtained from the genus Averrhoa for the first time. Some compounds were related to the anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-tumor effects of the leaves.

Key words:Averrhoa carambola;Chemical constituent;Aryl glycoside;Maltol glucoside;Alkyl glycoside