Abstract:In order to reveal the status of Cordyceps sensu lato resource in Weishan County, Yunnan Province, the species diversity of Cordyceps sensu lato was studied based on field survey, morphological observation and multigene (nrSSU, nrLSU, EF1-α, RPB1 and RPB2) phylogenetic analysis. The results showed that there were 341 strains of Cordyceps sensu lato collected from 5 plots, belonging to two families and five genera, including seven suspected new species. The hosts of Cordyceps sensu lato were Lepidoptera, Coleoptera, Hymenoptera and Dermaptera, respectively. The dominant genus was Cordyceps collected 7 species 215 strains, and C. militaris was dominant species collected 93 strains. The species diversity and richness of Cordyceps sensu lato were the highest in plot of Red River Source and the lowest in plot of Xiao Jizu Shan. Based on the accumulative curve, it was indicated that most of Cordyceps sensu lato had been collected in Weishan area. So, these would provide the basis for protection and sustainable utilization of Cordyceps sensu lato in Yunnan Province.