Seasonal Dynamics in Soil Microorganisms Diversity of Evergreen Broad-leaved Forest in Wuyi Mountains, Southeastern China

Abstract:

In order to understand seasonal dynamics in soil microorganism community of evergreen broad-leaved forest in Wuyi Mountains, Fujian, the microbial diversity in soil was analyzed using the Illumina Miseq high-throughput sequencing technique. The results showed that the soil in evergreen broad-leaved forest in Wuyi Mountains was the typical southern acidic soil. The soil physic-chemical properties had no significant difference among four seasons except for the available potassium, soil temperature and pH. The diversity of soil microorganisms is very rich, and 206 bacterial genera belonging 23 phyla and 17 archaea genera belonging the phyla Thaumarchaeota and Euryarchaeota were identified. The Chao index reflecting the number of bacterial was the highest in the summer, while the Shannon index reflecting bacterial diversity in the summer was lower than that in the spring by 21%. Moreover, the Chao index and Shannon index for archaea in the summer were higher than those in the winter by 21.7% and 0.27%, respectively. There were 83.1% bacteria and 70.0% archaea shared in four reasons, suggesting a good stability of the core microbiome in different reasons in evergreen broad-leaved forest in the Wuyi Mountains. Clustering tree analysis at both of phylum and genus levels indicated that bacterial and archaea community of spring was very close to that of winter, while that of summer exhibited the most different to those of the other three seasons. Heatmap and redundancy analysis indicated that the soil pH was the main environmental factors affected the diversities of bacteria and archaea. The effective potassium, effective carbon and total nitrogen have a great influence on microbial community composition. Therefore, the diversity of soil microorganisms in evergreen broad-leaved forest in Wuyi Mountain had regular changes with the seasons.