Abstract:EST-SSR molecular markers were developed from ESTs of Dendrocalamus latiflorus, the genetic diversity of variation types from Bambusa emeiensis was studied by using EST-SSR markers. There were 381 SSR sites locating in 331 ESTs collected from 9574 ESTs of D. latiflorus, with SSR frequency of 3.98%. There were 59 EST-SSR types, in which dinucleotide type was the most with 63.8%, followed by trinucleotide type (35.7%). Based on the EST sequences containing SSR site, forty pairs of EST-SSR primer were designed for detecting amplification efficiency, polymorphism and transferability in cultivated variation types of B. emeiensis. The results showed that 37 primer pairs, accounting for 80.43%, could amplify stable and clear bands with polymorphisms, and the length of amplified fragments mainly ranged from 100 bp to 1000 bp. Genetic distance among cultivated variation types of B. emeiensis ranged from 0.263 to 0.840 with mean of 0.552. There were close genetic distance between B. emeiensis ‘Heisunci’ and B. emeiensis ‘Qinsici’, B. emeiensis ‘Shetouci’ and B. emeiensis ‘Longtouci’, respectively, and B. emeiensis ‘Luohanci’ was far away from others.