Abstract:The volatile oils were extracted from inflorescences of Capillipedium assimile (Steud.) A. Camus by means of the steam distillation. Forty-five compounds were identified from the oils by GC-MS analysis, accounting for 93.24% of the total volatile oils. The main constituents were 4-undecanone (18.52%), (E)-2-hexenyl hexanoate (8.042%), 4-nonanol (7.778%), 4-undecanol (7.265%), and heptyl hexanoate (6.787%), etc.