油茶微量元素铜铁锌吸收和积累特征

Changes in Absorption and Accumulation of Copper, Zinc, Iron in Camellia oleifera

摘要:

为弄清油茶(Camellia oleifera)对微量元素铜、铁、锌的吸收利用特征,对5年生‘长林4号’各器官的铜、铁、锌元素含量及其年变化进行了研究。结果表明,油茶植株中铁元素的含量最高,其次为锌和铜元素;单株油茶对锌、铜元素的年积累量分别为62.97 mg和22.60 mg,约为3:1。从果实发育期至成熟期,锌元素的单株吸收积累量为40.18 mg,约占年吸收积累量的63.81%,从抽梢期至果实成熟期,铜元素的单株吸收积累量为20.04 mg,占年吸收积累量的88.67%,从休眠期至抽梢期,油茶地上部分生长所需的铜、锌元素分别有30.25%和57.90%来源于根系贮存的营养;油茶对铁元素的吸收积累则集中在抽梢期至果实发育期,单株吸收量达0.34 g。这些为指导油茶科学施肥提供了理论依据。

Abstract:

In order to clarify the absorption and accumulation characteristics of copper, zinc and iron microelements in Camellia oleifera, their contents and annual changes in C. oleifera ‘Changlin 4’ at five-year-old were studied. The results showed that the content of iron in Camellia oleifera was the highest, following by zinc and copper. The annual absorption of zinc and copper per individual reached 62.97 mg and 22.60 mg, respectively, with the ratio of 3:1. The absorption of zinc per individual reached 40.18 mg from fruit development to ripening stage, accounting for 63.81% of annual uptake. The absorption of copper per individual reached 20.04 mg from shooting to fruit ripening stage, accounting for 88.67% of annual uptake. The copper and zinc stored in roots supplied 30.25% and 57.90% of the need for tree growth from dormancy to shooting stage. The absorption period of iron focused on the shooting to fruit development stage, about 0.34 g per tree. These could provide theory basis for scientific fertilization of Camellia oleifera.