高温高湿胁迫对鼠尾草属5种植物生理特性的影响

Effects of High Temperature and Humidity Stress on Physiological Characteristics of Five Salvia Species

摘要:

为探究具有较高观赏价值的鼠尾草属(Salvia)植物的耐湿热性，采用人工气候箱模拟高温高湿环境，对丹参(S. miltiorrhiza)、张家界鼠尾草(S. daiguii)、贵州鼠尾草(S. cavaleriei)、铁线鼠尾草(S. adiantifolia)及‘辰丹月白’鼠尾草(‘Chen-danyuebai’)的外部形态变化及生理生化响应进行研究，并利用隶属函数法对5种鼠尾草属植物的耐湿热能力进行综合评价。结果表明，5种鼠尾草在胁迫下黄叶数明显增多，但受湿热伤害程度不高，胁迫结束后经过正常养护均可恢复正常生长；在复合胁迫下，叶绿素含量下降，相对电导率和丙二醛含量上升，植株受到一定程度的湿热伤害；胁迫后，超氧化物歧化酶活性和渗透调节物质含量均显著提高，产生了适应性反应。5种鼠尾草的耐湿热能力表现为：张家界鼠尾草≈铁线鼠尾草 > ‘辰丹月白’鼠尾草≈丹参 > 贵州鼠尾草。‘辰丹月白’鼠尾草表现出了较强的耐湿热能力，可以推广栽培。

Abstract:

In order to explore the humidity and heat tolerance of Salvia species with high ornamental value, S. miltiorrhiza, S. daigui, S. cavaleriei, S. adiantifolia and 'Chendanyuebai' were planted in artificial climate chambers for simulating high temperature and high humidity environment. The morphological changes and physiological responses of Salvia were studied, and the humidity and heat tolerance of five Salvia species was comprehensively evaluated by membership function method. The results showed that the number of yellow leaves of 5 Salvia species increased significantly under stress, but the degree of damage by humidity and heat was not high, and all of them could be restored to normal growth after stress; under the complex stress, the chlorophyll content of these Salvia species decreased, relative conductivity and malondialdehyde content increased, indicating that the plants were damaged by moisture and heat to some extent. The superoxide dismutase activity and osmoregulatory substance content in Salvia species significantly increased after stress, showing an adaptive response. The moisture and heat tolerance of 5 Salvia species were in the order of S. daiguii ≈ S. adiantifolia > 'Chendanyuebai' ≈ S. miltiorrhiza > S. cavaleriei. Therefore, 'Chendanyuebai' showed strong resistance to humidity and heat, and could be introduced and cultivated.