尧山国家级自然保护区种子植物区系研究

The Floristic Studies of Seed Plants in Yaoshan National Nature Reserve

摘要:

为探讨尧山国家级自然保护区种子植物区系性质、特征，对尧山国家级自然保护区种子植物区系进行了调查分析。结果表明，尧山共有种子植物132科698属1 978种，包括裸子植物5科8属10种，被子植物127科690属1 968种。科的地理成分以热带分布略占优势，为53.57%，温带成分占44.05%，而属以温带成分占明显优势，占比69.76%，热带性属仅占25.76%，表明热带成分在尧山已不占优势，尧山区系呈现出明显的热带性向温带性过度特征。尧山共分布中国特有属28属，其中木本属有11属，如银杏属(Ginkgo)、杜仲属(Eucommia)、青钱柳属(Cyclocarya)等，仅分布1种及少数种的属占比高达87.25%，包含单型属45属，体现出尧山植物区系的古老、残遗性质。尧山与邻近地区(宝天曼、鸡公山、天目山)的区系组成均呈现出温带性，并以尧山温带成分占比最高。总体上，尧山区系呈现出明显的温带性，在区系来源上主要为华东成分，并受到华北、华中成分的渗透。本研究为尧山地区植物资源的可持续利用、珍稀濒危植物的评估和保护管理等提供科学依据。

Abstract:

To explore the floristic characteristics of seed plants in Yaoshan National Nature Reserve, the flora was investigated and analyzed. The results indicated that there were 1978 species of seed plants in Yaoshan, which belong to 698 genera in 132 families. Among them there were 5 families, 8 genera, 10 species in gymnosperm; 127 families, 690 genera, 1968 species in angiosperm. At family level, the proportion of the tropic elements was slightly higher than others and reached 53.57% and the temperate ones accounted for 44.05%. While at genus level, the temperate elements (69.76%) had obvious advantages compared with tropic ones (25.76%), reflecting the transitional characteristics form tropic to temperate of this region. Twenty-eight genera were endemic to China containing 11 woody genera, such as Ginkgo, Eucommia and Cyclocarya, et al. And genus consisting of only 1 species or few species accounted for 87.25%, among which 45 were monomorphic genera, suggesting the ancientness of this flora. The flora of Yaoshan and neighboring areas (Baotianman Mountain, Jigong Mountain and Tianmu Mountain) all showed temperate characteristics, and Yaoshan has the highest proportion of temperate components. On the whole, the Yaoshan shows obvious temperate characteristics, and the origin of the flora is mainly East China, and it is infiltrated by North and Central China. To sum up, the study would provided scientific basis for the sustainable utilization of plant resources, the assessment and protection of rare and endangered plants in Yaoshan area.