优良单株家系辣木叶的表型性状分析

Analysis on Leaf Phenotypic Traits of Excellent Single Plant Family Moranga oleifera

摘要:

为挖掘辣木（Moranga oleifera）优良种质资源，对30个优良单株家系的叶片表型性状进行研究。结果表明，除叶形外，辣木不同家系间的叶柄和叶片颜色、复叶数、复叶柄长度和直径、复叶间距、叶长、叶宽均存在不同程度的差异。复叶数与复叶柄长度和直径、复叶间距、叶长、叶宽呈极显著正相关；主成分分析表明，叶长、叶宽、复叶柄长度和直径、复叶间距、叶柄和叶片颜色是区分辣木不同家系最主要的叶片性状指标。聚类分析结果表明，30个辣木家系可分为3大类，叶片表型性状存在显著差异的家系的遗传距离较远。因此，叶柄和叶片颜色、复叶数、复叶柄长度和直径、复叶间距、叶长、叶宽将为直观区分辣木家系提供参考。

Abstract:

In order to explore excellent germplasm resources of Moringa trees, leaf phenotypic characters of 30 excellent single plant families were studied. The results showed that except of leaf shape, there were significant differences among families in petiole color, leaf color, compound leaf number, length and diameter of compound leaf petiole, compound leaf spacing, length and width of leaf. The compound leaf number was significant positive correlation with length and diameter of compound leaf petiole, compound leaf spacing, length and width of leaf. Principal component analysis showed that length and width of leaf, length and diameter of compound leaf petiole, compound leaf spacing, petiole and leaf color were important indicators for identifying these families. Based on the 8 leaf phenotypic traits, 30 families of Moringa could be divided into 3 categories by cluster analysis, there was far genetic distance among families which had significant differences in leaf phenotypic traits. Therefore, petiole and leaf color, compound leaf number, compound leaf petiole length and diameter, compound leaf spacing, leaf length and width would provide a reference for identifying Moringa families.