狭叶薰衣草的离体培养及挥发性成分的分析

Culture in vitro of Lavender angustifolia and Volatile Components Analysis

摘要:

为建立新疆狭叶薰衣草（Lavandula angustifolia）的快速繁殖体系，以种子、茎、叶为外植体，对种子萌发、愈伤组织诱导、丛芽分化和生根的最适培养条件进行了研究；用水蒸气蒸馏法提取狭叶薰衣草挥发油，采用气相色谱-质谱法测定挥发油成分。结果表明，种子浸泡的适宜时间为6 h，切开种皮培养，出芽时间最少为6 d；诱导种子出芽的适宜培养基为MS+6-BA 2 mg/L；以茎为外植体诱导愈伤组织效果较好，适宜培养基为MS+6-BA 2 mg/L+2，4-D 1 mg/L；诱导分化丛芽的适宜培养基为MS+6-BA 1 mg/L+NAA 0.5 mg/L；生根的适宜培养基为1/2MS+NAA 1 mg/L+6-BA 0.5 mg/L；盆栽薰衣草和无菌苗薰衣草的挥发油主要成分相差较大，离体培养的薰衣草的主要挥发性成分有叶绿醇、丁香油烃、氧化石竹烯等。

Abstract:

To establish the rapid propagation system of Lavandula angustifolia, the optimal culture condition for seed germination, callus induction, cluster bud differentiation and rooting were studied by using seeds, stems, and leaves as explants. The volatile oil of L. angustifolia were extracted by steam distillation, and components of volatile oil were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The results showed that the optimal time for soaking seeds was 6 h, and the shortest germination time was 6 days after the seed coat cut open. The optimum medium for seed germination was MS+6-BA 2 mg/L. The optimum medium for callus induction from stem was MS+6-BA 2 mg/L+2,4-D 1 mg/L. The optimum medium for cluster bud differentiation was MS+6-BA 1 mg/L+ NAA 0.5 mg/L. The optimum medium for rooting was 1/2MS+NAA 1 mg/L+6-BA 0.5 mg/L. The essential volatile oils of L. angustifolia cultured in pot and in vitro were different, those in vitro culture contains phytol, caryophyllene, caryophyllene oxide and so on.