植被生态系统恢复及其在华南的研究进展

Vegetation Restoration and Its Research Advancement in Southern China

摘要:

介绍了恢复生态学常用的理论，并指出恢复生态学研究大多涉及植被生态系统恢复。植被恢复的目标就是要恢复植被的合理结构、功能和动态过程，从而为人类提供生态系统服务。植被恢复可以把区域的地带性植被生态系统作为参考生态系统，但目前的植被恢复工作绝大部分只是恢复了植被生态系统的部分组成、结构和功能。植被生态系统恢复研究主要从退化的原因与过程、恢复的过程与机理，以及从生境恢复、种群恢复、群落恢复、生态系统和景观恢复等不同尺度上的恢复开展。在介绍华南地区的植被生态系统现存问题的基础上，对华南地区开展的植被生态系统恢复，尤其是华南植物研究所（园）开展的植被生态系统恢复研究进行了介绍。最后，提出了华南地区植被生态系统恢复的方向及发展趋势。

Abstract:

This review introduced the general theories on restoration ecology, especially on vegetation restoration theories. The target of vegetation restoration is to reconstruct the reasonable structure, function and dynamic processes of vegetation ecosystems, for improving/optimizing ecosystem services. The climax in the region can be taken as the reference ecosystem for vegetation restoration, but only part of the composition, structure, and function were restored in practice. Most of the vegetation restoration studies were focused on the causes and processes of degradation, and processes and mechanisms of restoration/reconstruction, companied with restoration practices on habitation, population, community, ecosystem and landscape scales. Based on a statement of problems in current vegetation ecosystems in southern China, a systemic review was given out about the vegetation restoration in southern China, especially the vegetation restoration researches carried out by South China Botanical Institute (Garden). Finally, the trends of vegetation restoration researches and practices in southern China were pointed out.