广东鼎湖山自然保护区生物主模式标本内容分析

Content Analysis of Holotype Specimens Collected from Dinghushan National Nature Reserve of Guangdong, China

摘要:

为了解鼎湖山物种分类学研究的历史，采用内容分析法对采自广东鼎湖山自然保护区的生物主模式标本信息进行了分析。结果表明，鼎湖山自然保护区的生物主模式标本共含202种生物（亚种或变种），分属3界10门20纲54目104科146属，其中植物界63种、动物界68种、菌物界71种。有194份标本（另8份无采集人信息）涉及77位采集人（或其团队），有67家机构的147人参与新种命名，67种期刊的140条文献参与新种发表，38个国内外机构保存了200种的标本，物种在30%的科、目、采集人、第1命名人、期刊和存放地各分配了约70%的数量，呈现类似“二八定律”所述的不平衡现象。1978至1997年是标本采集并命名的高峰期，标本采集率为55.45%、标本命名率为58.91%；植物标本的采集和命名早于动物和真菌。鼎湖山物种的橱柜时间（标本采集到命名间隔的时间）平均为7.56 a，且植物的长于动物和菌物。鼎湖山主模式标本生物的物种密度比邻近保护区的要高。

Abstract:

In order to understand the history of species taxa research, the information of holotype specimens collected from Dinghushan National Nature Reserve of Guangdong, China, was analyze by using content analysis method. The results showed that there were a total of 202 species of holotype specimens, belonging to 3 kingdoms, 10 phyla, 20 classes, 54 orders, 104 families, and 146 genera, and kingdom plantae, kingdom animalia and kingdom fungi contained 63, 68 and 71 species, respectively. A total of 77 persons or groups collected the 194 holotype specimens. There were 147 persons came from 67 institutions, named all new species. There were 140 literatures published those new species in 67 kinds of journals. The 200 holotype specimens were currently deposited in 38 institutions. The statistical analysis showed that the 70% species were distributed in 30% families, orders, collectors, the first denominators, journals and deposit sites, showing unbalance in two-eight law. The specimen collection and naming reached the peak during the period of 1978-1997, in which 55.45% and 58.91% of total holotype specimens were collected and named, respectively. The species in kingdom plantae was collected and named earlier than those in kingdom animalia and kingdom fungi. The average shelf life for Dinghushan species was 7.56 years, and shelf life for kingdom plantae was longer than those for kingdom animalia and kingdom fungi. The holotype specimen density in Dinghushan Nature Reserve was higher than that in neighbor Nature Reserves.