巨桉种源/家系综合选择研究

Comprehensive Selection for Eucalyptus grandis Provenances and Families

摘要:

为选择巨桉(Eucalyptus grandis)优良种源,对其13个种源177个家系性状进行遗传分析。结果表明,22月生巨桉除生长量在区组间差异显著外,其他性状在种源、家系和区组间均存在极显著的差异;50月生时各性状差异均达极显著水平。50月生时,单株材积位于前四的种源分别是2号(来自昆士兰州Copperlode)、3号(来自昆士兰州Ravenshoe)、1号(来自昆士兰州N W Townsille)和11号(来自四川省黑龙滩)。50月生时,有78个家系的单株材积增长量超过总体家系平均值(0.08 m³),位于前三的家系是分别为2号(来自2号种源)、156号(来自福建天马东溪的10号种源)和93号(来自昆士兰州Bambaroo的8号种源)。50月生巨桉的胸径、树高、单株材积、干形、分枝和冠幅的遗传力分别为0.56、0.91、0.73、0.67、0.64和0.76;这些性状的表型变异系数分别为26.64%、29.37%、64.41%、17.58%、15.26%和45.80%;遗传变异系数分别为25.94%、24.30%、60.97%、28.59%、26.07%和42.96%。相关性分析表明,冠幅和分枝呈较小的负相关,其余各性状间均呈正相关性。结合生长指标和形质指标,最终筛选出4个优良种源和18个优良家系。

Abstract:

In order to select excellent provenances of Eucalyptus grandis, the traits of 177 families from 13 provenences were analyzed. The results showed that the individual volume had significant differences among blocks (P<0.05) at 22 months old, other traits were significantly different (P<0.01) among provenances, families and blocks at 22 and 50 months old. The top three provenances of individual volume were No. 2(came from Copperlode, QLD), No. 3 (came from Ravenshoe, QLD), No. 1 (came from N W Townsille, QLD) and No. 11 (came from Heilongtan, Sichuan) at 50 months old. Meanwhile, the volume increment of 78 families was bigger than the average of all families (0.08 m³), and the top three families were No. 2 (came from Copperlode, QLD, provenance No. 2), No. 156 (came from Tianma, Fujian, provenance No.10) and No. 93 (came from Bambaroo, QLD, provenance No.8). At 50 months old, the heritability of DBH, height, individual volume, stem form, branch and crown width were 0.56, 0.91, 0.73, 0.67, 0.64 and 0.76, respectively, while their phenotypic variation coefficients were 26.64%, 29.37%, 64.41%, 17.58%, 15.26% and 45.80%, and the genetic variation coefficients were 25.94%, 24.30%, 60.97%, 28.59%, 26.07% and 42.96%, respectively. The correlation analysis showed that the branch and crown width had negative correlation, others had positive correlation. Therefore, combing the growth traits and form quality traits, four superior provenances and eighteen superior families were selected.