航天诱导凤仙花SP3代子叶变化的研究

Changes in Cotyledons of Impatiens balsamina in Third Generation （SPSP3） Induced by Space Flight

摘要:

神舟4号”搭载的凤仙花（Impatiens balsamina）种子经种植后获得SP₃种子，发现SP₃代子叶发生变异现象，在苗期的子叶数目和形态呈多种变化。除绝大多数为正常的2片大小相等的子叶外，还出现了少数三子叶、漏斗状子叶（杯状子叶）和联生子叶。在子叶的大小上，有的2片子叶大小基本相似，有的则差异明显。在子叶变异的植株中，有的植株叶片大小、花的形态和育性发生了变化，没有结果，不能通过有性繁殖后代。子叶的变异是遗传原因还是生理影响尚需进一步研究。

Abstract:

The seeds of Impatiens balsamina L. （Balsaminaceae） were carried by spacecraft Shenzhou 4 on December 30, 2004 which flew for 6 days and 19 hours. The changes in cotyledons were observed in the third generation of the plants. The experiments showed that there were differences in number, size and shape of cotyledons. Four types of cotyledons were found： dicotyledons, tricotyledons, syncotyledons and funnel-shaped cotyledons. The growth period, flowering and fertility were also observed. Whether the variations in cotyledons are caused by physiological or genetic factors must await more research.