盾叶薯蓣自然变异类型间的比较研究

A Comparision among Natural Variations of Dioscorea zingiberensis

摘要:

对取自云南期纳的二倍体和三倍体盾叶薯蓣植株以及重庆城口的四倍体植株进行了形态学、染色体数目及同工酶的比较研究。结果表明,这3种类型植株在叶片形态上有明显的差异。二倍体的染色体数目是2n=2x=20,三倍体为2n=3x=30,四倍体为2n=4x=40；酯酶(EST)和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)酶谱显示,3种类型植株之间具有明显的相关性,但多倍体较二倍体的酶带条数少且着色浅。这些差异除了有地理分布不同的因素外,倍性的不同也是很重要的因素。

Abstract:

Three types of Dioscorea zingiberensis C. H. Wright, the diploid and the triploid from Qina, Yunnan Province, and the tetraploid from Chengkou, Chongqing, were compared by means of examining the morphology, chromosome numbers and isozymes. The results showed that the three types have obvious differences in leaf morphology and chromosome numbers: the diploid, 2n=2x=20； the triploid, 2n=3x=30； the tetraploid, 2n=4x=40. Zymograms of esterase isozyme and superoxide dismutase showed an obvious relation among the three types, but the polyploid ones had less bands and showed lighter-colored compared to the diploid one.