云南哀牢山栎类次生林树种多样性特征研究

Tree Species Diversity of a Secondary Broadleaved Forest on Ailao Mountain in Yunnan

摘要:

在哀牢山徐家坝地区,采用样方调查的方法对中山湿性常绿阔叶林受到人为破坏后形成的栎类次生林的树种多样性特征进行了研究。结果表明,恢复约40a的栎类次生林的乔木树种组成主要以云南越桔(Vacciniumduclouxii)为主。树种的萌生现象非常突出,超过2/3的树种具有萌生现象,在DBH≥3 cm的植株中有72.7%是由无性系萌株产生的。栎类次生林乔木的密度随高度级、径级的增加而递减,但树种丰富度却不随树木的密度增加而增加。以Shannon-Wiener指数H、Simpson指数D和Fisher指数α计算了栎类次生林的树种多样性(H=1.42±0.27；D=0.65±0.09；α=2.59±1.16),并与中山湿性常绿阔叶林的树种多样性进行了比较,结果显示处于演替顶级阶段的中山湿性常绿阔叶林具有更高的树种多样性

Abstract:

Tree species diversity of a 40-yr-old secondary broadleaved forest which was destroyed by human cutting was invertigated for 18 sample plots (each 100 m^2) in Ailaoshan Nature Reserve, Yunnan Province. Measurements included species composition, tree height, diameter at breast height, and sprouting. The results revealed that the dominant species was Vaccinium duclouxii, and more than 2/3 of tree species and 72.7% of the total individuals (DBH≥3 cm) were regenerated by sprouting. Tree density in the forest decreased with the increases of height class and diameter class, whereas species abundance did not increase. Tree species diversity in the secondary forest was significantly lower than that in montane moist evergreen broadleaved forest at climax stage as compared by Shannon-wiener index, Simpson's diversity index, and Fisher's index.