广东从化陈禾洞省级自然保护区南亚热带常绿阔叶林群落结构和区系特征

Community Structure and Floristic Characteristics of Subtropical Evergreen Broad-leaved Forest in Chenhedong Provincial Nature Reserve in Conghua, Guangdong

摘要:

在广东从化陈禾洞省级自然保护区内建立14个长期固定监测样地，探索该区域木本植物的群落结构特征。结果表明，样地内共记录到存活的胸径≥1.0 cm的木本植物23 777株，除185株有待鉴定外，其他隶属于55科121属289种。植物组成中，优势科有8个，占总科数的14.54%；优势属有14个，占总属数的11.57%；重要值≥1.00%的物种共有25种，占总种数的8.65%。植物科的分布区类型包括7种类型和8种变型，以热带分布为主，占优势科总数的62.50%；植物属的分布区类型包括12种类型和10种变型，以热带分布为主，占优势属总数的78.57%。样地内常见种、偶见种和稀有种的数量分别为120、107和62种，分别占总物种数的41.52%、37.02%和21.45%。样地内所有个体的平均胸径为5.33 cm，平均树高为5.85 m，径级和高度级结构均呈倒“J”形分布，群落更新情况良好，处于稳定增长过程中。本研究增进了对南亚热带常绿阔叶林生态系统结构特征的认识，同时也为保护区的管理、保护策略和生态修复的制定提供了依据。

Abstract:

Fourteen long-term fixed monitoring plots were established in the Chenhedong Provincial Nature Reserve in Conghua, Guangdong Province to explore the community structure characteristics of woody plants in this area. The results showed that a total of 23777 woody plants with a diameter at breast height (DBH) ≥1.0 cm were recorded in the plots, of which 185 were unidentified and the rest belonged to 289 species in 121 genera and 55 families. Among the plant composition, there were 8 dominant families, accounting for 14.54% of the total number of families; 14 dominant genera, accounting for 11.57% of the total number of genera; and 25 species with an importance value ≥1.00%, accounting for 8.65% of the total number of species. The distribution types of plant families included 7 types and 8 variants, with tropical distribution being the most dominant, accounting for 62.50% of the total number of dominant families; the distribution types of plant genera included 12 types and 10 variants, with tropical distribution being the most dominant, accounting for 78.57% of the total number of dominant genera. The number of common, occasional and rare species in the plots were 120, 107 and 62 respectively, accounting for 41.52%, 37.02% and 21.45% of the total number of species. The average DBH of all individuals in the plots was 5.33 cm, and the average tree height was 5.85 m. The diameter and height class structures were both in an inverted “J” shape, indicating a good community regeneration and a stable growth process. This study enhanced the understanding of the structural characteristics of the evergreen broad-leaved forest ecosystem in the South China subtropical region, and also provided a basis for the management, protection strategies and ecological restoration of the nature reserve.