Abstract:Wetland ecosystems play crucial roles in water regulation, water purification, and biodiversity conservation. However, the conflict between human development and ecological protection is becoming increasingly prominent. Wetland parks can effectively balance biodiversity conservation with the creation of habitable environments for humans, promoting harmonious coexistence between humanity and nature. This paper reviews the conceptual classification, policy evolution, construction achievements, existing challenges, and potential solutions for wetland parks in China, aiming to provide insights for future planning. Research indicates that studies on wetland parks in China have rapidly expanded, with a shift in focus from social service functions to mechanisms sustaining natural biodiversity. Current classification systems are primarily based on composition, conservation type, and area, while future management could be refined according to functional service differentiation. In recent years, China has strengthened wetland protection through legislation, emphasizing the “ecological, scenic, and service-oriented” characteristics of wetland parks. However, improvements in planning and management remain necessary. Future efforts should include: coordinating local livelihoods with wetland park construction to minimize conflicts; Enhancing ecological prioritization and reducing artificial interventions; Implementing scientific zoning to highlight wetland-specific features; Optimizing management systems and improving interdepartmental collaboration; Increasing public participation and enhancing professional management capacity; Refining legal frameworks and enforcement mechanisms; Strengthening technological support for dynamic monitoring and ecological restoration. These efforts will help fight climate change, support national priorities, and unlock wetland parks’ full potential for ecology and local economies.
