火力楠改善人工林林地土壤肥力的研究进展

Research Advances of Michelia macclurei in Improving Soil Fertility in Artificial Plantations

摘要:

土壤肥力是土壤物理、化学和生物性质的综合指标，是决定森林生产力的重要因素。火力楠(Michelia macclurei)是我国南方重要的乡土树种，因其速生、材质优良、改土效果良好等特征，常被用作伴生树种与马尾松(Pinus massoniana)、杉木(Cunninghamia lanceolata)、桉树(Eucalyptus)等用材树种进行混交，在改善人工林土壤肥力，提高林分生产力等方面发挥了重要作用。然而，火力楠对人工林土壤物理、化学和生物性质产生了怎样的影响仍不明晰，对土壤肥力的改善作用仍缺乏机制性的了解。该文从土壤理化性质、土壤微生物群落特征和土壤养分循环等3个方面系统综述了火力楠在改善人工林土壤肥力方面的研究现状，初步理清了其改善土壤肥力的关键途径。同时，通过整合分析和定量分析方法，研究人工林纯林和火力楠混交林在0~20和20~40 cm 2个土层深度上对人工林土壤肥力的影响，认为火力楠具有作为改土树种的潜力，揭示其提升土壤肥力的潜在机制。

Abstract:

Soil fertility is a comprehensive indicator of soil physical, chemical and biological properties and is an important factor determining forest productivity. Michelia macclurei is an important native tree species in southern China. Due to its fast growth, excellent wood quality and good soil improvement effect, it is often used as an associate tree species to mix with timber tree species such as Pinus massoniana, Cunninghamia lanceolata and Eucalyptus to improve soil fertility and increase forest productivity in artificial forests. However, the impact of M. macclurei on soil physical, chemical and biological properties in artificial forests is still unclear, and the mechanism of its improvement of soil fertility is still lacking. The current research status of M. macclurei in improving soil fertility in artificial forests from three aspects were systematically reviewed: soil physical and chemical properties, soil microbial community characteristics and soil nutrient cycling, and preliminarily clarifies the key pathways for improving soil fertility. At the same time, through integration and quantitative analysis methods, the effects of pure forests and M. macclurei mixed forests on soil fertility in artificial forests at two soil depths of 0-20 cm and 20-40 cm are studied. It was believed that M. macclurei had the potential to be a soil improvement tree species, and the potential mechanism of its improvement of soil fertility is revealed.