福建杉木家系在广东的多地点生长变异和筛选

Multi-site Growth Variation and Selection of Fujian’s Chinese Fir Families in Guangdong

摘要:

为协同推进我国南方杉木(Cunninghamia lanceolata)高世代育种进程，以广东和福建杉木遗传改良协作组联合开展的区域测定林为对象，对引种的福建杉木家系(三代家系)在广东多地8 a生时的生长变异情况进行分析和筛选。结果表明，福建杉木三代家系在广东也表现出较好的适生性，8 a生时的整体生长水平与广东杉木二代种子园良种持平，但不同家系的生长表现存在较大的差异，可达显著至极显著差异水平；且多地家系的树高、胸径、单株材积等生长性状遗传力均处中等偏上水平，分别达0.415、0.338和0.308；同时各生长性状间呈极显著的遗传正相关, 这为选育出超广东杉木二代种子园良种的家系提供了可能。经综合评价，有13个杉木家系生长表现优于广东杉木二代种子园良种，其中有5个为速生稳定型，8个为速生变化型。速生稳定型家系F3、F13、F21、F28单株材积增益均超过了10% (11.48%~19.32%)，表现优异，可在广东推广应用。

Abstract:

To promote the process of the advanced-generation breeding program of Chinese fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata) in southern China synergistically, the growth variation of Chinese fir family (3rd generation family), introduced from Fujian, was analyzed and selected based on the regional assay at 8 years old at multiple sites in Guangdong, jointly conducted by Guangdong and Fujian Chinese Fir Genetic Improvement Cooperation Group. The results indicated that the tested families showed good adaptability even in Guangdong, and the overall growth level was similar to that of the improved variety of second-generation Chinese fir seed orchard of Guangdong. However, there were significant differences in growth traits among families. Moreover, the family heritability of tree height, diameter at breast height and single tree volume was consistently above medium level, reaching 0.415, 0.338, and 0.308, respectively. Furthermore, there was significant positive genetic correlations among growth traits. Briefly, these would provide a possibility for the selection of better families than the improved variety of second-generation seed orchard of Guangdong. By comprehensive evaluation, thirteen super Chinese fir families of Fujian including five multi-site fast growing ones and 8 region-specific fast growing ones were identified, of which families F3, F13, F21 and F28 consistently realized a volume gain over 10% (11.48%-19.32%), indicating a breeding potential for application in the future.