Abstract:Osmanthus fragrans is an important ornamental species integrating greening, beautification and fragrance, which has been attracting much attention. In recent years, the development and improvement of sequencing technology has greatly promoted the research on molecular biology of O. fragrans. Based on the literatures, the recent progress of molecular biology research on O. fragrans was summarized. Firstly, the whole genome of O. fragrans and related gene family analysis were reviewed. Seconed, the progress of transcriptome sequencing on important traits were further eleborated, such as the flower coloration, floral scent and leaf color; Then, the reports of O. fragrans proteome and functional genes were discussed; Finally, the molecular biology research of O. fragrans were summarized, which made an outlook of the future key research directions and providing the references of O. fragrans research in the future.