木林子高山矮曲林群落结构与物种多样性

Community Structure and Species Diversity of the Krummholz in Mulinzi Nature Reserve

摘要:

为加强木林子高山矮曲林的保护，采用样地调查法，对其群落基本结构和物种多样性进行了分析。结果表明，矮曲林中共有木本植物19科31属53种，青冈(Quercus glauca)是群落的优势种，壳斗科(Fagaceae)和杜鹃花科(Ericaceae)是矮曲林群落的优势科。群落的Shannon-Wiener多样性指数、Simpson优势度指数和Pielou均匀度指数分别为1.411、0.559和0.522，受环境影响，矮曲林群落多样性水平较低，多数植物在演替中被环境淘汰。该群落区系起源古老，深受热带区系的影响，具有温带区系的性质, 表现出明显的亚热带到温带过渡的特性。在群落中，整体径级结构呈倒“J”型分布，自然更新良好，优势种青冈的径级结构与群落整体相似，在演替过程中占据优势地位。这为木林子高山矮曲林的保护和科学管理以及后期建设提供理论依据。

Abstract:

In order to strengthen the protection of krummholz in Mulinzi Nature Reserve, its community structure and species diversity were analyzed by means of sample site survey. The results showed that there were 53 species of woody plants belonging 19 families 31 genera. Quercus glauca was dominant species, and Fagaceae and Ericaceae were dominant family in the community. Shannon-Wiener diversity index, Simpson dominance index and Pielou evenness index were 1.411, 0.559 and 0.522, respectively, indicating that the diversity of the community was low, and most plants were eliminated by the environment during succession. The community flora had an ancient origin, was deeply influenced by tropical flora with temperate character, showing obvious transition characteristics from subtropical to temperate zone. The diameter class structure of the community showed an inverted “J” type distribution, and the natural regeneration was good. The dominant species Q. glauca had a similar diameter class structure to the community, and occupied a dominant position in the succession process. Therefore, it would provide a theoretical basis for the protection, scientific management and later construction of the moss dwarf forest on the top of the mountain.