秋海棠花香挥发性成分分析

Volatile Components Analysis of Begonia Floral Aroma

摘要:

为了解不同秋海棠属植物间挥发性成分的差异，采用顶空固相微萃取-气相色谱-质谱联用技术对丽纹秋海棠(Begonia kui)、鸟叶秋海棠(B. ornithophylla)和巴萨罗斯秋海棠(B. barsalouxiae)的雄花进行挥发性成分测定和分析。结果表明, 从3种秋海棠花中共鉴定出97种挥发性成分，其中，丽纹秋海棠鉴定出30种，以杂环类为主；鸟叶秋海棠和巴萨罗斯秋海棠分别鉴定出56和44种，均以醇类化合物为主。主成分分析(PCA)表明，3种秋海棠主要香气成分存在明显差异，通过偏最小二乘判别分析(PLS-DA)筛选出15种关键差异花香成分，推断丽纹秋海棠的香气为蜡香和膏香型，鸟叶秋海棠的香气为柑橘香型，巴萨罗斯秋海棠的香气为花香型。不同秋海棠主要挥发性成分的种类、含量及其主要香气物质上存在较大差异；花香依靠各种挥发物相互作用而形成，香型由拥有较高气味值的挥发物决定。

Abstract:

In order to understand the differences of volatile components among different Begonia species, the volatile components from male flowers of Begonia kui, B. ornithophylla and B. barsalouxiae were determined and analyzed by headspace solid-phase microextraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The results showed that 97 volatile components were identified from three kinds of Begonia flowers, among which 30 were from B. kui, mainly heterocyclic compounds, did 56 and 44 from B. ornithophylla and B. barsalouxiae, respectively, most of them were alcohols. Principal component analysis (PCA) showed that there are obvious differences in the main aroma components of three Begonias. There were 15 key floral components screened out by partial least square discriminant analysis (PLS-DA), it was inferred that the aromas of B. kui were wax and balm type, that of B. ornithophylla were citrus type, and that of B. barsalouxiae were floral type. Therefore, the types and contents of main volatile components and main aroma substances of different Begonias species had great differences. Floral fragrances were formed by the interaction of various volatiles, and the aroma type is determined by the volatiles with a higher odor value.