金沙江流域4种特有植物野生资源现状及受威胁等级评估

Status and Threat Category Assessment of Wild Resource of Four Endemic Plants in Jinsha River Area

摘要:

物种受威胁状况的及时评估是调整物种濒危状态，继而实施有效保护措施的重要依据。该文以金沙江流域特有植物贯叶马兜铃(Aristolochia delavayi)、旱地木槿(Hibiscus aridicola)、云南百部(Stemona mairei)和白魔芋(Amorphophallus albus)为调查评估对象，通过多年野外调查，依据《IUCN物种红色名录等级和标准: 3.1版》和《使用指南: 15.1版》对4物种的濒危现状进行了重新分析和评估。结果表明，在现有野生种群资源下贯叶马兜铃被列为易危(VU)，旱地木槿和白魔芋被列为濒危(EN)，云南百部为近危(NT)。与4物种现行濒危等级的比较表明，贯叶马兜铃的濒危等级由濒危降级为易危，旱地木槿由易危上调为濒危，白魔芋由近危上调为濒危，云南百部的濒危状态则维持不变。这为4种特有植物的野生资源现状了解、濒危状态更新以及适时调整有效保护策略提供了科学参考。

Abstract:

Timely assessment of species threatened status is an important basis for adjusting the endangered level of species and implementing effective protection measures. The endemic plants in the Jinsha River area, including Aristolochia delavayi, Hibiscus aridicola, Stemona mairei and Amorphophallus albus, were investigated and evaluated. According to the “IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria: Version 3.1” and “Guidelines for Using the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria: Version 15.1”, the threatened category of the four species were re-analyzed and evaluated based on the data obtained through field surveys. The results showed that A. delavayi was assessed as Vulnerable (VU), H. aridicola and A. albus were listed as Endangered (EN), and S. mairei was listed as Near Threatened (NT) under the existing wild population resources. Compared with the current threatened category of the four species, the threatened status of A. delavayi was downgraded from Endangered to Vulnerable, H. aridicola was upgraded from Vulnerable to Endangered, A. albus was upgraded from Near Threatened to Endangered, and S. mairei remained unchanged. This study provides a scientific reference for understanding the current status of wild resources, updating threatened category, and timely adjusting effective protection strategies of the four endemic plants.