光果金樱子三萜类化合物的分离鉴定与抗SARS-CoV-2活性评价

Isolation and Identification of Triterpenoids from Rosa laevigata var. leiocapus and Evaluation of Their Anti-SARS-COV-2 Activity

摘要:

为了解光果金樱子(Rosa laevigata var. leiocapus)的三萜类化学成分及其抗严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2活性(severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, SARS-CoV-2)，运用多种色谱分离技术从其95%乙醇提取物中分离得到15个三萜化合物。根据理化性质及波谱数据，分别鉴定为：laevigaterpene A (1)、2α, 23-二羟基齐墩果酸(2)、1β-羟基蔷薇酸(3)、3β-(p-hydroxytrans-cinnamoyloxy)olean-12-en-28-oic acid (4)、3β-反式对羟基肉桂酰氧基-2α-羟基齐墩果酸(5)、2α, 3α-二羟基-12-烯-28-齐墩果酸(6)、坡模酸(7)、桦木酸甲酯(8)、2α, 3α, 19α, 23-四羟基-12-烯-乌苏酸(9)、乙酰基-11α-甲氧基-β-乳香酸(10)、阿江榄仁尼酸(11)、2α, 3α, 19α-trihydroxy-28-norurs-12-ene (12)、蔷薇酸(13)、2α, 19α-dihydroxy-3-oxo-12-ursen-28-oic acid (14)和齐墩果酸(15)。所有化合物均为首次从光果金樱子中分离获得，其中化合物4、10、12为首次从蔷薇属植物中分离得到。化合物8和15对SARS-CoV-2主蛋白酶(main protease, 简称M^pro)具有较强的抑制作用，IC₅₀值分别为(6.74±0.33)和(5.19± 0.25) μmol/L，具有潜在的抗SARS-CoV-2活性。

Abstract:

To understand the triterpenoids from Rosa laevigata var. leiocapus and their SARS-CoV-2 inhibitory activities, 15 compounds were isolated from the 95% EtOH extract by using chromatographic separation techniques, such as silica gel, Sephadex LH-20 and pre-HPLC. On the basis of spectral data, their structures were identified as laevigaterpene A (1), 2α, 23-dihydroxy oleanolic acid (2), 1β-hydroxyeuscaphic acid (3), 3β-(p-hydroxytranscin-namoyloxy)olean-12-en-28-oic acid (4), 3β-trans-p-coumaroyloxy-2α-hydroxy oleanolic acid (5), 2α, 3α-dihydroxyo-lean-12-en-28-oic acid (6), pomolic acid (7), lup-3β-ol-28-carboxylate (8), 2α, 3α, 19α, 23-tetrahydroxyurs-12-en-28-oic acid (9), acetyl-11α-methoxy-β-boswellic acid (10), arjunic acid (11), 2α, 3α, 19α-trihydroxy-28-norurs-12-ene (12), euscaphic acid (13), 2α, 19α-dihydroxy-3-oxo-12-ursen-28-oic acid (14), and oleanolic acid (15). Compounds 1-15 were obtained from this species at first time. Moreover, compounds4,10 and 12 were isolated from Rosa at first time. Compounds 8 and15 exhibited strong inhibitory effects on SARS-CoV-2 M^pro, with IC₅₀ of (6.74±0.33) and (5.19±0.25) μmol/L, respectively, showing potential anti-SARS-CoV-2 activity.