升温情境中叶损对树木幼苗生长的影响

Effects of Defoliation on the Growth of Tree Seedlings Under Warming Condition

摘要:

为探究升温能否在一定程度上抵消虫害叶损造成的负面影响，该研究采用控制变量法比较不同叶损程度下落叶松(Larix gmelinii)、红松(Pinus koraiensis)和冷杉(Abies fabri)幼苗当年的高生长以及来年不同温度下的萌芽情况。结果表明, 当叶损程度达到50%时，落叶松幼苗当年的高生长会受到显著影响；而红松和冷杉在叶损程度达到75%时才会受到显著影响。室温下(13 ℃~18 ℃)落叶松来年的萌芽物候比20 ℃和25 ℃提前且高生长情况较好；红松和冷杉在室温下叶损75%会导致萌芽物候推迟且高生长受到影响，在20 ℃或25 ℃时，叶损造成的不利影响则会被削弱。因此，在未来变暖的情境中，推测红松和冷杉因虫害叶损造成的不利影响在一定程度上会被抵消，且对于虫害的抵抗和恢复亦明显高于落叶松。

Abstract:

In order to explore climate warming could counteract the negative effects of defoliation caused by insects to some extent, the height growth of Larix gmelinii, Pinus koraiensis and Abies fabri seedlings under different defoliation degrees in current year and the budburst in the next year under different temperature were compared by using control variable method. The results showed that the height growth of L. gmelinii in the current year was significantly affected under 50% defoliation, while did P. koraiensis and A. fabri under 75% defoliation. At ambient temperature, the bud phenology of L. gmelinii in the next year advanced than that at 20 ℃ and 25 ℃, and the height growth was better. At ambient temperature (13 ℃~18 ℃), the bud phenology of P. koraiensis and A. fabri was delayed and the height growth was affected by 75% defoliation, while the adverse effect of defoliation was counteracted at 20 ℃ or 25 ℃. Therefore, in the future warming scenario, it was speculated that the adverse effects of defoliation caused by insects on P. koraiensis and A. fabri would be counteracted to some extent, and the resistance to a insects nd recovery would be significantly higher than that of L. gmelinii.