光质、光照时间和振荡对‘紫叶’酢浆草叶感夜性运动的影响

Effects of Light Quality, Light Duration and Rotation on Nocturnal Movement of Oxalis triangularis ‘Purpurea’

摘要:

为探究光质、光照时间和振荡对‘紫叶’酢浆草(Oxalis triangularis ‘Purpurea’)叶片感夜性运动的影响，在人工气候室中调控光质、光照时间，利用振荡器进行振荡处理，并用摄像机记录叶片的运动状态。结果表明，波长越长，叶片展开越快；波长越短，叶片闭合越慢。持续3 d光照，除红光下叶片仅在18:00时有开闭的变化外，其他5种光质下叶片均不会闭合; 12 h/12 h (光照/黑暗)光周期持续3 d，早上叶片展开需45~61 min，夜晚叶片完全闭合需85~120 min，且除白光外的5种光质下，叶片在早上8:00光照前已展开；持续黑暗叶片仍可以每天展开3~5 h。振荡可以改变夜间运动方式，300 r/min振荡0.5~6 h，叶片在振荡时不会完全闭合，只闭合至60°左右；振荡时间越长，停止振荡后叶片闭合速率越快，但振荡2 h后停止振荡，叶片则不闭合，所以植物对于外界应力的适应能力存在一定的范围。在园林中应用‘紫叶’酢浆草时，可以利用短波长光照，延长叶片的展开时间，增加其观赏效果，以及在中午时段避免暴晒。

关键词:‘紫叶’酢浆草;感夜性运动;光质;光照;振荡

Abstract:

The leaves of Oxalis triangularis ‘Purpurea’ have significant nocturnal movement, which is characterized by a circadian rhythm of opening and closing. The effects of light quality, duration, and vibration on nocturnal movement of Oxalis were investigated in a climate chamber with controlled light and a time-laps camera. The results showed that light wavelength was a critical factor for the nocturnal movement pattern of Oxalis. The longer the wavelength, the faster the leaf unfolds, the shorter the wavelength, the slower the leaf closure. Under continuous light for 3 days, the leaves did not close, except that the leaves opened and closed only at 18:00 under red light. When 12 h/12 h (light/dark) photoperiod lasted for 3 days, it took 45-61 min for the leaves to unfold in the morning and 85-120 min to close completely at night. The leaves had unfolded before 8:00 AM except white light. The leaves could still unfold for 3-5 h every day under continuous dark. Horizonal rotation could change the nocturnal movement pattern of Oxalis. When the leaves were rotated at 300 r/min for 0.5-6 h, it will not close completely during rotation, only close to about 60°. The longer the rotating time, the faster the rate of leaf closure after stopping rotation. When rotation stopped after 2 h, the leaves would not close, so there was a certain range of adaptability to external stress of Oxalis. Therefore, when applying O. triangularis ‘Purpurea’ in the garden, short-wavelength illumination could be used to extend the unfolding time of leaves, increase its ornamental effect, and avoid exposure to the sun at noon.

Key words:Oxalis triangularis ‘Purpurea’;Nyctinastic;Light quality;Illumination;Oscillation