普定杜鹃花种群结构和空间分布格局

Population Structure and Spatial Distribution Pattern of Rhododendron pudingense

摘要:

普定杜鹃花(Rhododendron pudingense)是杜鹃花属一新种，在贵州省首次发现的4个分布区设置样方，采用匀滑技术和均值比率等方法分析其种群结构和空间分布格局。结果表明，普定杜鹃花在4个分布区共有1113株，其中晴隆611株, 望谟308株，普定83株，镇宁111株；普定杜鹃花种群个体主要集中在第Ⅰ和第Ⅱ龄级；晴隆、望谟和普定分布点的存活曲线表现为Deevey-Ⅱ型，镇宁为Deevey-Ⅲ型；各个分布点都表现为聚集分布。4个分布区的普定杜鹃花种群属于增长型，但由于普定杜鹃花在分布的群落中数量较少，在群落物种组成中处于从属地位，加上其生长区域大量基岩裸露导致其生境的脆弱性，如果不加强人为干扰措施去保护普定杜鹃花，可能导致这一新物种会被森林群落中的其他物种淘汰。

Abstract:

Rhododendron pudingense is a new species in genus Rhododendron. The population structure and spatial distribution pattern of R. pudingense were analyzed by means of smoothing technique and mean ratio in four distribution regions first discovered in Guizhou Province. The results showed that there were 1113 indivduals, including 611 in Qinglong, 308 in Wangmo, 83 in Puding and 111 in Zhenning. The population of R. pudingense was mainly concentrated in the first and second age classes. The survival curves of population in Qinglong, Wangmo and Puding showed Deevey-Ⅱ type, while that in Zhenning showed Deevey-Ⅲ type. The distribution patterns of all populations were aggregated. The population of R. pudingense in the four distribution areas belonged to the growth type. However, due to the small number of R. pudingense in the distributed forest community, it was in a subordinate position in species composition of community, the vulnerability of its habitat caused by a large amount of bare bedrock in the growth area, the new species of R. pudingense might be eliminated by other species in the forest community if human disturbance measures are not strengthened to protect R. pudingense.