上海地区郁金香引种栽培与品种综合评价

Introduction Cultivation and Comprehensive Evaluation of Tulip Varieties in Shanghai

摘要:

通过建立郁金香（Tulipa gesneriana）品种评价体系，筛选生长适应性好、观赏价值高，适宜应用于园林景观的郁金香品种。对29个郁金香进口品种在上海地区进行引种栽培，观察记录其物候期，并对植株高、冠幅等12个生长特性，以及开花整齐度、花型、花色等32个观赏特性进行了观测。从观测指标中筛选出了包括开花整齐度、花色均匀度、花色等27个评价指标，使用层次分析法与灰色关联度分析法建立了评价体系。综合评价将29个品种分成了4个等级：I级包含10个品种，II级12个品种，而III级和IV级包含品种数较少，分别只有4和3个品种。I、II级品种普遍具有较高的观赏价值，同时适应性较强，适合今后推广应用于上海及周边地区园林绿化。这对筛选适于上海及周边地区园林种植的郁金香品种有重要的指导作用，建立的评价体系对评价其他郁金香品种在园林中应用也有积极参考意义。

Abstract:

The aim was to establish an evaluation system to screen tulip varieties with good growth adaptability and high ornamental value, which are suitable for landscape application. Twenty-nine imported varieties of Tulipa gesneriana were introduced and planted in Shanghai, the phenological period, 12 growth characteristics (plant height, plant width, etc.), and 32 ornamental characteristics (flower uniformity, flower type, flower color, etc.) were observed and measured. From all observed characteristics, 27 evaluation indexes (flowering uniformity, flower color, flower color uniformity, etc.) were further chosen to establish a comprehensive evaluation system based on AHP (analytical hierarchy process) and GRA (grey relation analysis). The results showed that 29 varieties could be divided into 4 grades according the comprehensive evaluation, grade I included 10 varieties, grade II had 12 varieties, grade III and IV only 4 and 3 varieties, respectively. The varieties in grade I and II generally possessed high ornamental value and strong adaptability, which were suitable for popularization and application in landscaping in Shanghai and surrounding areas in the future. These had an important guide in screening suitable tulip varieties for gardens in Shanghai and surrounding areas. The established evaluation system also has a positive reference significance for evaluating the application of other tulip varieties in landscape.