我国棱果花天然主要分布区叶片多样性分析

Phenotypic Diversity Analysis of Barthea barthei Germplasm Resources in Main Natural Distribution Area

摘要:

为了解棱果花（Barthea barthei）种质资源叶片表型的多样性，对棱果花6个种群的139株的叶片性状进行方差分析、相关性分析、主成分分析及聚类分析。结果表明，棱果花种群间和个体间的叶片表型性状存在显著差异，变异系数为0.14~0.84，平均为0.32，说明棱果花叶片性状变异较大。叶面积、叶周长与叶长间的相关系数为0.75~0.99。叶片性状可提取为5个主成分，累计贡献率达88%，其中叶片的面积、周长、宽度、长/宽和叶形是表型变异的主要因素。聚类分析将139株棱果花分为6组，第Ⅰ组包含34株材料，第Ⅱ组7株，第Ⅲ组1株，第Ⅳ组15株，第Ⅴ组37株和第Ⅵ组45株，说明来自不同种群的棱果花植株分散在不同的组中，棱果花叶片表型与来源无显著关系。因此，棱果花叶片表型多样性丰富，其中种群间和单株间具有丰富的多样性，可为棱果花遗传改良和新品种选育提供基础。

Abstract:

In order to understand the diversity of leaf phenotypic traits in Barthea barthei germplasm resources, the variance analysis, correlation analysis, principal component analysis and cluster analysis were conducted based on leaf traits of 139 individuals from 6 populations. The results showed that there were significant differences in leaf phenotypic traits among population groups and individuals. The variation coefficients of leaf traits ranged from 0.14 to 0.84 with average of 0.32, suggesting that the leaf traits of B. barthei varied greatly. Leaf traits could be extracted into five principal components, with a cumulative contribution rate of 88%, in which leaf area, leaf perimeter, leaf width, leaf length/width and leaf shape parameters were the main factors caused phenotype difference. Cluster analysis showed that 139 individuals of B. barthei resources could be divided into 6 groups, there were 34 individuals in group Ⅰ, 7 in group Ⅱ, 1 in group Ⅲ, 15 in group Ⅳ, 37 in group Ⅴ, and 45 in group Ⅵ, which showed that the individuals from different population were scattered in different groups, indicating that there were no significant relationship between leaf phenotype and source. Therefore, the leaf phenotypic diversity was abundant among different populations and individuals, which could provide basis for genetic improvement and new variety breeding.