枇杷叶片性状与单果质量的遗传规律研究

Study on Inheritance Patterns of Leaf Traits and Fruit Weight in Loquat

摘要:

为了解枇杷（Eriobotrya japonica）叶片性状和单果质量的遗传多样性及其相关性，对‘宁海白’与‘大房’杂交组合的F₁群体（123株）的7个叶片性状与单果质量进行相关分析。结果表明，叶片的长度、宽度、厚度和叶柄长度及单果质量5个性状在后代中均呈现连续性较好的正态分布，其中单果质量、叶片的长度、宽度和厚度呈趋小遗传趋势，叶柄长度呈趋中变异趋势。F₁杂交群体叶面形态主要以“稍皱”为主，叶片形状以“椭圆形”为主，叶基形状以“楔形”为主。单果质量与叶柄长度、叶片长度、叶片宽度、叶片厚度均表现出极显著的正相关性。因此，叶柄长度可考虑作为早期筛选大果优株的参考指标之一。

Abstract:

In order to understand the genetic diversity and correlation of leaf traits and fruit weight in loquat (Eriobotrya japonica), the correlation between 7 leaf traits and fruit weight in F₁ population (123 individuals) of ‘Ninghaibai’ and ‘Dafang’ hybrid were analyzed. The results showed that the five traits, including length, width and thickness of leaf, petiole length, and fruit weight, inhibited normal distribution with good continuity in offspring. The genetic trend of fruit weight, leaf length, width and thickness was smaller, while petiole length tended to moderate variation. For the F₁ hybrid population, the leaf surface morphology was mainly "rugulose", the leaf shape was mainly "elliptic", and the leaf base shape was mainly "cuneate". The fruit weight had significant positive correlation with petiole length and length, width and thickness of leaf. Therefore, petiole length could be considered as one of the indicators for early screening of excellent plants with large fruits.