睡莲属62个栽培种花朵挥发性成分GC-MS分析

Volatile Components in Flowers of 62 Nymphaea Cultivars by GC-MS

摘要:

为了解睡莲花朵的致香物质，利用气相色谱-质谱法对62个栽培种花朵的挥发性成分进行了研究。结果表明，共检测出72种挥发性成分，以烯烃类(26种)、烷烃类(11种)和醇类(9种)较多，其中花香成分有53种(73.60%)。40个热带睡莲花朵中共检测出56种挥发性成分，其中花香成分39种；22个耐寒睡莲品种花朵共检测出37种挥发性成分，其中花香成分27种。花香成分中主要致香物质有乙酸苄酯、顺式-罗勒烯、苯甲醇、金合欢烯、月桂烯、柠檬烯、苯甲醛、α-异松油稀、α-蒎烯、肉桂醇和β-丁香醇等。利用组内联接余弦的方法，分别根据挥发性成分和花香成分，62个睡莲栽培种(品种)可分成3和4组。这为睡莲香气物质的开发利用及与传粉动物的协同进化研究提供了基础资料。

Abstract:

In order to understand the aroma substances of Nymphaea, the volatile components in flowers of 62 cultivars were studied by using Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The results showed that there were 72 volatile components detected from flowers, in which alkenes (26 types), alkanes (11 types), and alcohols (9 types) are the top 3, and there were 53 aromatic components, accounting for 73.60%. Fifty-six volatile components were detected from 40 cultivars of tropical waterlily, including 39 aromatic components, while 37 volatile components from 22 cultivars of hardy waterlily, including 27 aromatic components. The main aroma substances were benzyl acetate, cis-ocimene, benzyl alcohol, farnesene, myrcene, limonene, benzaldehyde, α-isoterpinene, α-pinene, cinnamyl alcohol, β-butanol, etc. According to volatile components and aromatic components of Nymphaea, 62 cultivars could be divided into 3 and 4 groups by using intergroup cosine connection method, respectively. Therefore, these would provide basic information for development and utilization of aroma substances of Nymphaea and the studies on co-evolution of Nymphaea with pollinators.